Stuart Britton wrote:
In the case of Greater black backed Gulls it is possible to accurately age 4th winter birds by the pale brown streaks on the outer primary coverts which are technically juvenile feathers.
Technically they won't be juvenile feathers as they won't have been retained since they were born!
The most appropriate term is "juvenile" for Glaucous and Iceland Gulls as they only have a juvenile plumage. "Immature" refers to any birds which are not adults, so isn't exactly appropriate for accurately labelling 1CY/2CY white-winged gulls.
The first-winter bit will probably refer to the fact that the bird is in its first winter (chronologically-speaking). Calling them first-year birds is also a little inaccurate, best thing to do with these birds in their first spring/summers is label them 2nd calendar-years (2CY)! The reason Iceland and Glaucous Gulls often end up looking so messy in their first summer is down to the fact that they have retained the same set of feathers they were born with throughout their whole first year.
What complicates the issue is that we now know Thayer's Gulls can have a genuine 1st-winter plumage (scapular moult being most notable here). The 2005 Mayo bird was treated as a tad suspect before this was more widely-known..
The initial report apparently came from BirdNet as far as I can see; as for verifying the report there is not alot that can be done without actually going to the site but as both species are straightforward to identify I imagine there will be little problem with the record.
Josh